Denise Sullivan

Denise Sullivan is an accomplished freelance writer from Louisiana, with a Associate's Degree in Journalism from Eastern Oklahoma State College. She also graduated from East Central University with a Bachelor's in Biology. Denise began her writing career writing operations and maintenance manuals and software utility manuals for flight simulators. Since, she has expanded her writing to a broad spectrum of topics.

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Articles by Denise Sullivan

A Brief History of Manholes and Why We Need Them A Brief History of Manholes and Why We Need Them A Brief History of Manholes and Why We Need Them A Brief History of Manholes and Why We Need Them


Manholes date back to the mid-19th century and still play an essential part in maintaining city sewage systems. They serve not only as...

Hydraulic Radius Explained: Sewer Design, Formulas and Perimeter Calculations Hydraulic Radius Explained: Sewer Design, Formulas and Perimeter Calculations Hydraulic Radius Explained: Sewer Design, Formulas and Perimeter Calculations Hydraulic Radius Explained: Sewer Design, Formulas and Perimeter Calculations


The hydraulic radius helps to determine how much water and sediment can flow through a channel. The higher the radius of a pipe, the larger...

4 Essential Considerations for Designing a Borehole 4 Essential Considerations for Designing a Borehole 4 Essential Considerations for Designing a Borehole 4 Essential Considerations for Designing a Borehole


An essential part of any drilling project is the planning stage. Project engineers must spend time designing boreholes to ensure project...

How to Tell If Your Home Has Lead Pipes and How to Replace Them How to Tell If Your Home Has Lead Pipes and How to Replace Them How to Tell If Your Home Has Lead Pipes and How to Replace Them How to Tell If Your Home Has Lead Pipes and How to Replace Them


Prior to the late 1970s, lead was common in water transportation pipes. While newer construction no longer employs this material, older...

Thrust Boring for High-Risk Boring Projects Thrust Boring for High-Risk Boring Projects Thrust Boring for High-Risk Boring Projects Thrust Boring for High-Risk Boring Projects


Thrust boring works by cutting a pilot hole while thrusting a pipe sleeve in place. The sleeve acts as a stabilizer, making it an ideal...

construction workers in pit utility tunneling method construction workers in pit utility tunneling method construction workers in pit utility tunneling method construction workers in pit utility tunneling method


Not all trenchless techniques prohibit workers from entering the excavation site. Utility tunneling is one of those trenchless methods that...

What Is Trenchless Technology? What Is Trenchless Technology? What Is Trenchless Technology? What Is Trenchless Technology?


Trenchless technology is all about fixing and constructing underground structures without the use of surface level trenches. Learn how this...

The Essentials to Drilling and Boring Wells The Essentials to Drilling and Boring Wells The Essentials to Drilling and Boring Wells The Essentials to Drilling and Boring Wells


Drilling a well requires planning. You need to know where the well goes and if it will be enough to provide for your needs. Once location...

An Overview of Hydrovac Excavation An Overview of Hydrovac Excavation An Overview of Hydrovac Excavation An Overview of Hydrovac Excavation


Imagine having the ability to remove soil above underground utility lines without damaging the underground lines through the use of...

gunite shotcrete difference between gunite and shotcrete gunite shotcrete difference between gunite and shotcrete gunite shotcrete difference between gunite and shotcrete gunite shotcrete difference between gunite and shotcrete


Shotcrete is a mix of cement and sand blown through an airstream. He designed a technique where he could spray the plaster into the...

Assessing the Value of Life in a Trenchless Project Assessing the Value of Life in a Trenchless Project Assessing the Value of Life in a Trenchless Project Assessing the Value of Life in a Trenchless Project


Assessing value of life is part of any risk management plan for trenchless projects. Determining if a project has too high a probability...

Your Guide to Bypassing Sewers for Mechanical Spot Repair Your Guide to Bypassing Sewers for Mechanical Spot Repair Your Guide to Bypassing Sewers for Mechanical Spot Repair Your Guide to Bypassing Sewers for Mechanical Spot Repair


Mechanical spot repairs do not often require a bypass to complete. However, on occasion, a sewer bypass may be necessary, and planning is...

testing materials astm testing materials astm testing materials astm testing materials astm


Standards for materials used in trenchless technology are set by ASTM International, a group devoted to ensuring various technical elements...

A Step-by-Step Guide to HDD A Step-by-Step Guide to HDD A Step-by-Step Guide to HDD A Step-by-Step Guide to HDD


Horizontal directional drilling is a popular method of laying cables, utility lines and plumbing. Careful planning and constant care during...

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Cast iron and galvanized steel are prone to corrosion and channeling, lead and asbestos have serious health hazards. While PVC, HDPE and...

Why Trenchless Technology is a Perfect Fit for Fiber Optic Cable Installation Why Trenchless Technology is a Perfect Fit for Fiber Optic Cable Installation Why Trenchless Technology is a Perfect Fit for Fiber Optic Cable Installation Why Trenchless Technology is a Perfect Fit for Fiber Optic Cable Installation


Fiber optic cable installation benefits from the use of trenchless technology. Direct burial and horizontal directional drilling techniques...

tuberculation corrosion in pipes tuberculation corrosion in pipes tuberculation corrosion in pipes tuberculation corrosion in pipes


Tuberculation in pipes occurs in cast iron plumbing resulting in a brown slime buildup on the interior of the line. Repairing the damage...

borehole expansion expanding boreholes borehole expansion expanding boreholes borehole expansion expanding boreholes borehole expansion expanding boreholes


Borehole expansion may prove necessary overtime. Newer technologies, allow workers to expand the existing casings and avoid traditional...

Asbestos cement pipe how to tell if your house has asbestos cement pipe Asbestos cement pipe how to tell if your house has asbestos cement pipe Asbestos cement pipe how to tell if your house has asbestos cement pipe Asbestos cement pipe how to tell if your house has asbestos cement pipe


Popular in the 1930s and 40s, asbestos cement pipes were used for water and sewage lines. Degradation of those lines allowed asbestos to...

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Microtunneling is a trenchless construction technique that allows an operator to bore small diameter holes over great distances. The new...

channeling vs line belly when trenchless repair can't be used channeling vs line belly when trenchless repair can't be used channeling vs line belly when trenchless repair can't be used channeling vs line belly when trenchless repair can't be used


When a blockage occurs, is it a line belly or channeling? Line belly cannot be repaired using trenchless methods, but channeling can....

channeling corrosion channeling corrosion channeling corrosion channeling corrosion


When the bottom of a pipe erodes in a process known as channeling, it becomes problematic for a homeowner. However, the use of trenchless...

trenchless construction and the environment wetlands trenchless construction and the environment wetlands trenchless construction and the environment wetlands trenchless construction and the environment wetlands


No-dig construction's environmental impact is staggering. The reduction of a carbon footprint, lessening the detrimental effects on...

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Education is an important point for trenchless technology companies, as the industry is still relatively new and growing. A no dig show...

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Borehole integrity is vital to the safety and success of a drilling project. There are several issues that can lead to borehole collapse...

how to bid for a city contract how to bid for a city contract how to bid for a city contract how to bid for a city contract


Bidding on a city project will require you to provide information on your budget, timeline and your contingency plan. You'll have to give...

Eric Wood invented trenchless technology. Who invented trenchless technology? Eric Wood invented trenchless technology. Who invented trenchless technology? Eric Wood invented trenchless technology. Who invented trenchless technology? Eric Wood invented trenchless technology. Who invented trenchless technology?


Trenchless technology, the method of subsurface construction requiring little or no continuous trenching, began in 1970. It was invented by...

Avoid tunnel collapse Avoid tunnel collapse Avoid tunnel collapse Avoid tunnel collapse


Analyzing the ground conditions is only a small part of successfully boring a tunnel. Using engineering skills as well as preparing the...

Proper Maintenance for Drill Rig Equipment Proper Maintenance for Drill Rig Equipment Proper Maintenance for Drill Rig Equipment Proper Maintenance for Drill Rig Equipment


Each of the components of a drill rig must be considered individually in order to maintain it. Rigs, rods, bits and back reamers, fluid...

An Overview of Sliplining An Overview of Sliplining An Overview of Sliplining An Overview of Sliplining


Sliplining is when workers insert a pipe within a damaged pipeline. The new plumbing is made of either polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or...

What to Do When You Smell Gas? What to Do When You Smell Gas? What to Do When You Smell Gas? What to Do When You Smell Gas?


What to Do When You Smell Gas? Ventilate the area, evacuate the premises, contact emergency services and turn to trenchless inspection and...

gas line how to tell if your gas lines need repair gas line how to tell if your gas lines need repair gas line how to tell if your gas lines need repair gas line how to tell if your gas lines need repair


A faulty gas line is nothing to mess with. When gas appliances are not putting off the same amount of heat or flame as they once did, it...

is trenchless right for your home? is trenchless right for your home? is trenchless right for your home? is trenchless right for your home?


In the event of pipe damage, owners try to find the quickest, cheapest method of repairing. Trenchless rehabilitation can be a viable...

How Pigging Works in Trenchless Repair and Rehabilitation How Pigging Works in Trenchless Repair and Rehabilitation How Pigging Works in Trenchless Repair and Rehabilitation How Pigging Works in Trenchless Repair and Rehabilitation


There are 5 basic PIG models, utility, inspection, intelligent, gel and specialty PIGS in use in trenchless pigging, all of which are used...

Why Replace Conventional Trenching with Trenchless Technology? Why Replace Conventional Trenching with Trenchless Technology? Why Replace Conventional Trenching with Trenchless Technology? Why Replace Conventional Trenching with Trenchless Technology?


Trenchless rehabilitation is cheaper, less disruptive and requires less time to complete as opposed to conventional trenching projects,...

Using Trenchless Maintenance to Avoid Costly Leak Repairs Using Trenchless Maintenance to Avoid Costly Leak Repairs Using Trenchless Maintenance to Avoid Costly Leak Repairs Using Trenchless Maintenance to Avoid Costly Leak Repairs


Trenchless technology methods are fast and efficient ways to address line damage. New technologies arise every day that make it easier to...

Choosing Drill Rods for Trenchless Tunneling Choosing Drill Rods for Trenchless Tunneling Choosing Drill Rods for Trenchless Tunneling Choosing Drill Rods for Trenchless Tunneling


For trenchless projects, managers select one of three main drill rod categories, A-series, D-series, or O-series. A-series rods are made of...

Rehabilitating City Water Lines Using Trenchless Technology Rehabilitating City Water Lines Using Trenchless Technology Rehabilitating City Water Lines Using Trenchless Technology Rehabilitating City Water Lines Using Trenchless Technology


Rehabilitating city waterlines via cured-in-place pipe, sliplining, pipe bursting and other trenchless methods fixes tuberculation,...

The Complex World of Sewer Networks The Complex World of Sewer Networks The Complex World of Sewer Networks The Complex World of Sewer Networks


There are three main types of sewer systems: separate, combined and partially separate systems. Separate sewer systems use two lines, one...

Common Causes for CIPP Common Causes for CIPP Common Causes for CIPP Common Causes for CIPP


Cured-in-place-pipe, also known as CIPP, is a trenchless method used to fix plumbing problems. CIPP works by inserting a resin-impregnated...

Cased Boring Vs. Uncased Boring Cased Boring Vs. Uncased Boring Cased Boring Vs. Uncased Boring Cased Boring Vs. Uncased Boring


Uncased boring is similar to the cased method. However, instead of having a casing pushed into the hold made by the auger, there is nothing...

Ground Improvement Requirements When Working With Sandy Soil Ground Improvement Requirements When Working With Sandy Soil Ground Improvement Requirements When Working With Sandy Soil Ground Improvement Requirements When Working With Sandy Soil


Things to consider are how to deal with flooding issues, regulations concerning excavation and backfill of the site, and potential soil...

Trenchless Installation of Utility Lines and Access Ports in Urban Areas Trenchless Installation of Utility Lines and Access Ports in Urban Areas Trenchless Installation of Utility Lines and Access Ports in Urban Areas Trenchless Installation of Utility Lines and Access Ports in Urban Areas


The use of CIPP most commonly occurs to repair water, sewer, and gas lines. When installing utility lines in communities, an array of...

The History of Vitrified Clay Pipe in Trenchless Installation The History of Vitrified Clay Pipe in Trenchless Installation The History of Vitrified Clay Pipe in Trenchless Installation The History of Vitrified Clay Pipe in Trenchless Installation


Vitrified clay pipe (VCP) has been in use since ancient Babylon. The material is abrasion-resistant and acidic erosion and...

A Look at Pipe Penetrating Radar A Look at Pipe Penetrating Radar A Look at Pipe Penetrating Radar A Look at Pipe Penetrating Radar


The use of pipe penetrating radar (PPR) helps to determine which areas of pipeline need attention most by way of CIPP, sliplining or pipe...

A Look at CIPP and Aging Drinking Water Infrastructure A Look at CIPP and Aging Drinking Water Infrastructure A Look at CIPP and Aging Drinking Water Infrastructure A Look at CIPP and Aging Drinking Water Infrastructure


Cured-in-place pipe, better known as CIPP, is essentially a pipe within a pipe that costs between $60 and $200 per-foot for water...

Asbestos Cement Pipe: Why It's a Problem and How Trenchless Can Fix It Asbestos Cement Pipe: Why It's a Problem and How Trenchless Can Fix It Asbestos Cement Pipe: Why It's a Problem and How Trenchless Can Fix It Asbestos Cement Pipe: Why It's a Problem and How Trenchless Can Fix It


Digging up and replacing asbestos-infused pipes is costly and hazardous. Pipe bursting allows replacement of the pipes without exposing...

Trenchless Sewer Repair and Cleaning 101 Trenchless Sewer Repair and Cleaning 101 Trenchless Sewer Repair and Cleaning 101 Trenchless Sewer Repair and Cleaning 101


Sewer lines become clogged and damaged from tree root infiltration, the pouring of oil down drains and neglect which leads to tuberculation...

A Look at Structural Manhole Rehabilitation A Look at Structural Manhole Rehabilitation A Look at Structural Manhole Rehabilitation A Look at Structural Manhole Rehabilitation


Since manholes are designed to last 50 years, they are slowly deteriorating. Manholes can be repaired using trenchless technology and CIPP,...

An Overview of Robotic Pipe Repair An Overview of Robotic Pipe Repair An Overview of Robotic Pipe Repair An Overview of Robotic Pipe Repair


robotic pipe repair is an essential part of oil companies’ pipeline maintenance. The technology, known as smart or intelligent pigs,...

Why a Detailed Geotechnical Report Means Success for Your Trenchless Project Why a Detailed Geotechnical Report Means Success for Your Trenchless Project Why a Detailed Geotechnical Report Means Success for Your Trenchless Project Why a Detailed Geotechnical Report Means Success for Your Trenchless Project


A comprehensive geotechnical report is an all-important first step in the planning process to ensure that your trenchless project runs...

A Complete Guide to the Usage and History of Drill Bits and Tooling A Complete Guide to the Usage and History of Drill Bits and Tooling A Complete Guide to the Usage and History of Drill Bits and Tooling A Complete Guide to the Usage and History of Drill Bits and Tooling


The drill bit and its tooling practices have evolved to become a mainstay of modern drilling processes. Without these all-important tools,...

Why CIPP Is Growing Rapidly for Drinking Water Mains Why CIPP Is Growing Rapidly for Drinking Water Mains Why CIPP Is Growing Rapidly for Drinking Water Mains Why CIPP Is Growing Rapidly for Drinking Water Mains


CIPP is growing rapidly for water mains, it provides a seamless fix for cracked pipes and provides consumer protection from asbestos and...

An Introduction to Pipe Bursting An Introduction to Pipe Bursting An Introduction to Pipe Bursting An Introduction to Pipe Bursting


Learn how pipe bursting works, why it’s the best way to efficiently replace damaged or leaking pipes, and why it’s the cost effective...

4 Common Reasons for Trenchless Construction and Rehabilitation In Your Neighborhood 4 Common Reasons for Trenchless Construction and Rehabilitation In Your Neighborhood 4 Common Reasons for Trenchless Construction and Rehabilitation In Your Neighborhood 4 Common Reasons for Trenchless Construction and Rehabilitation In Your Neighborhood


Sewer rehabilitation, water line replacements, fiber optic installation and gas line repair are among the common reasons for trenchless...

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